Dr. Terrence Julien, M.D. Neurosurgeon, specialized in Complex Spine, Robotics Spine, and Neurosurgical-Oncology, based out of Tampa, Florida. He endorses an impressive Resume that has no blemish, after 12 pages, the amount of accolades and professional accomplishments and publications never runs out and overshadows anyone. The critical fact is that despite the fact he is not an IMG (Went to medical school at Howard University in Washington, DC, USA). He is the son of a Mechanical Engineer Caribbean immigrant from Trinidad and Tobago. They relocated to suburban America to provide both of his children with the necessary life skills, tools, and education to become successful in a racist country that makes part of people based on their accent and skin color. Racism in America is prevalent and palpable, to this day, the 21st century. Segregation occurs and has been promoted and endorsed by government institutions over several decades and, to this day, becomes a limiting factor in obtaining equal opportunities for minorities, not only for Black but Latino, Native Americans, and Asians. So with this background of societal adversities and minimal odds, he went on to become a Physician with a Medical Doctor degree from a very prominent university, obtained an academic scholarship to excellent academic performance for research and strengthen his resume to become one of the very few Black Brain Surgeons in the USA. He has attended extremely prominent institutions, not in order but to Include NYU, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Lee Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa, SUNY Health Science Center at Syracuse, Medical Center of Delaware among others. After more than 20 years of Undergraduate, Graduate, Postgraduate, and Doctoral education, He is an example to follow for everyone, not only for Black minorities but for any of us that has the desire, grit, and dream to become someone in the USA. Becoming a Brain surgeon is the most competitive endeavor in the medical career. It has always been a field of an elite select group, lead mostly by White Caucasians society members (Physicians). The hardship endured is like no other, and he always had not only been excellent, but much better than any other applicant/physician when competing for a training/work spot. So, in this episode, we enjoyed talking about his life in the USA and shared the resilience shown to become the “creme de la creme.” Listen on! A few concepts of Racism and segregation: De Facto segregation vs. De Jure segregation. DeJure (“by law”) describes practices that are legally recognized, regardless of whether the method exists in reality. In contrast, de facto (“in fact”) describes situations that exist in reality, even if not legally recognized racial, ethnic, or other segregation resulting from societal differences between groups, as socioeconomic or political disparity, without institutionalized legislation intended to segregate. The factors of RacismRacism may vary from country to country due to historical, cultural, religious, economic, or demographic reasons. Several academics assert that RacismRacism and ethnic discrimination are deep, inherent, and fundamental aspects of North American society. Historical RacismRacism continues to reflect on socioeconomic inequality. Racial stratification continues to occur in employment, housing, education, lending, and government. Racism in the United States has been a significant issue ever since the era of colonialism and slavery. Legally sanctioned RacismRacism imposed a heavy burden on Native Americans, African Americans, Latino Americans, Americans from lesser developed parts of Europe and Asian Americans. European Americans were privileged by law in matters of literacy, immigration, voting rights, citizenship, land acquisition, and criminal procedure over periods that extended from the 17th century to the 1960s. However, numerous European ethnic groups, including Jews, Irish, Southern European, and Eastern European Americans, as well as immigrants from elsewhere, suffered xenophobic exclusion and other forms of RacismRacism in American society. As in most countries, many people in the U.S. continue to have some prejudices against other races. In the view of a network of scores of U.S. civil rights and human rights organizations, “Discrimination permeates all aspects of life in the United States, and extends to all communities of color.” Discrimination against African Americans and Latin Americans is widely acknowledged.